On December 18th, armed attacks occurred in the city center of Ganthier, located in the 5th communal section of Pays Pourri, within the commune of Ganthier. This dashboard update provides the latest information on ETT 32.

These clashes resulted in the displacement of approximately 551 households, comprising a total of 2,740 individuals. The majority of the displaced people (71%) sought refuge with host families, while 29% settled in 4 sites situated in the 3rd communal section of Fond Parisien, within the same commune.

Cantons: La Cruz, Upala y Los Chiles

The International Organization for Migration (IOM), the United Nations agency for migration in Costa Rica has implemented since 2021, two rounds of the Displacement Tracking Matrix (DTM) as part of its strategy to monitor the circular migratory flow of individuals of Nicaraguan nationality at unofficial border points in various cantons in the northern part of the country. Through this exercise at three unofficial entry points along the border with Nicaragua, a total of 60,697 migratory movements were recorded, of which 59 percent were departures and 41 percent were entries.

As a fundamental part of IOM's mission to provide key advice on migration policies and practices, it becomes necessary to update the data concerning this circular migration flow of Nicaraguans crossing both regularly and irregularly through the northern border of Costa Rica.

According to the records from the General Directorate of Migration and Immigration (DGME) regarding regular entries and departures through official border posts in Los Chiles and Peñas Blancas, in 2022, there were 394,730 regular migratory movements, of which 49.7 percent were entries and 50.3 percent were departures. From January to October 2023, a total of 419,925 movements were registered: 52 percent were entries and 48 percent were departures.

Cantones: La Cruz, Upala y Los Chiles

La Organización Internacional para las Migraciones (OIM), como agencia de las Naciones Unidas en materia de migración en Costa Rica, implementó, desde 2021, dos rondas de la Matriz  de Seguimiento al Desplazamiento (DTM por sus siglas en inglés) como parte de su estrategia de monitoreo del flujo migratorio circular de personas de nacionalidad nicaragüense, en puntos fronterizos no oficiales, en distintos cantones del norte del país. A partir de este ejercicio en tres puntos de ingreso no oficial de la frontera con Nicaragua, se contabilizaron 60 697 movimientos migratorios, de los cuales el 59 por ciento fueron egresos y 41 por ciento ingresos.

Siendo parte fundamental de la misión de OIM brindar asesoría clave sobre políticas y prácticas migratorias, se vuelve necesario actualizar los datos de este flujo migratorio circular de nicaragüenses que cruzan tanto de forma regular como irregular la frontera norte de Costa Rica.

Según los registros de la DGME de ingresos y egresos regulares por puestos fronterizos oficiales en Los Chiles y Peñas Blancas, en 2022 hubo 394 730 movimientos migratorios regulares de los cuales el 49,7 por ciento fueron ingresos y 50,3 por ciento egresos, mientras que de enero a octubre de 2023 en total se registraron 419.925 movimientos: el 52 por ciento fueron ingresos y el 48 por ciento egresos.

Between August and September 2023, IOM’s DTM deployed Site Assessment (SA) Round 34 and Village Assessment Survey (VAS) Round 17, carrying out a multisectoral location assessment. It is to be noted that Amhara region was largely uncovered this round due to increased insecurity, and both the IDP and returning IDP caseloads should likely be higher.

According to data collected through the Site Assessment round 34 August and September 2023, an estimated 3,459,881 IDPs (701,449 IDP households) were internally displaced across 2,544 assessed, accessible sites in Ethiopia. Conflict is the primary cause of displacement and displaced 2.2 million IDPs (64.66%), followed by drought which displaced an estimated 612,250 IDPs (17.7%). Somali region hosts the highest number of IDPs primarily displaced by drought nationwide (an estimated 410,749 individuals or 67.1% of the national drought caseload), while Tigray region hosts the highest number of IDPs primarily displaced by conflict nationwide (an estimated 943,285 individuals or 42.2% of the national conflict caseload).

According to the data collected through the Village Assessment Survey round 17 between August and September 2023, there were an estimated 2,530,101 returning IDPs (552,773 returning IDP households) across 2,072 assessed, accessible villages in Ethiopia. The highest returning IDP caseloads nationwide were in the regions of Tigray (1,503,141 returning IDPs, 59.41%), Amhara (an estimated 389,937 returning IDPs, 15.41%) and Afar (an estimated 222,894 returning IDPs, 8.81%).

• Over 550,000 people have crossed into Chad since the onset of the crisis in Sudan. IOM estimates that more than 109,000 among them are Chadian returnees and expects this number to rise to 150,000 by the end of March 2024, due to renewed conflict in Darfur.

• In coordination with CNARR and humanitarian organizations, IOM has counted 86,604 returnees and counted 346 third-country nationals (from South Sudan, Niger, Ethiopia, the Central African Republic, Burkina Faso, Nigeria and Uganda) in 41 localities in three provinces.

• Most of the returnees currently live in spontaneous locations near the border and are in urgent need of food, water, sanitation and hygiene, shelter, household items, health, and protection.

• IOM is relocating returnees from Adre to a site in Tongori in coordination with authorities. In total, 7,567 individuals have so far been relocated. Separate designated ambulatory vehicles were used to transport the most vulnerable, including people with disabilities. Furthermore, IOM has supported the establishment of a site governance structure with representatives elected by the site residents and is supporting the establishment of community groups (women, youth, community watch, etc.).

• IOM is coordinating with local authorities, embassies and diplomatic representations for the safe transfer and voluntary return of third-country nationals (TCNs) from Ethiopia, South Sudan, Sierra Leone, and Cameroon to N’Djamena.

• IOM works with a range of operational partners in the returnee response including the Government of Chad, UNHCR, OCHA, LWF, PUI, UNICEF, MSF, UNFPA, LMI, ICRC, IRC, ACTED, the Chadian Red Cross, HELP-Tchad, ATURAD, Concern Worldwide, COOPI, INTERSOS, and WFP

In response to the Somalia’s severe drought beginning in November 2021, DTM Somalia launched an Emergency Trends Tracking (ETT) tool first in Gedo and Bay regions in 2022, and subsequently in Hiraan, Banadir and Middle Shabelle regions in 2023 to monitor drought related displacement trends and hotspots in support of operational planning. However, during the first half of 2023, conflict and flooding displacements have been significant. Therefore, DTM restructured its ETT tool to capture multi-shock displacements (drought, flood, conflict and other) from October 2023. In December 2023, ETT coverage has been expanded to Afgoyee district in Lower Shabelle region to cover the migration corridor between Afgoyee and Mogadishu towns.

ETT is a crisis-based tool that tracks sudden displacement triggered by specific events or emerging crises. The objective of ETT is to help prioritize humanitarian response and to enable partners to deliver rapid assistance.

En novembre 2023, 22 968 mouvements migratoires ont été observés aux points de suivi des flux (FMP) à Djibouti, avec une moyenne quotidienne de 766 mouvements migratoires. Les flux migratoires observés sur l'ensemble des FMP ont légèrement augmenté de 1 pour cent par rapport à octobre 2023 au cours duquel 22 709 mouvements avaient été enregistrées. Sur ces 22 968 mouvements, 6 400 (28%) ont été observés dans la région d'Obock où les migrants traversent le golfe d'Aden en direction de la péninsule arabique. Les flux migratoires aux FMP d'Obock ont connu une augmentation de 31 pour cent par rapport au mois d’octobre 2023. Cette augmentation pourrait être due à une diminution des contrôles aux frontières avec l'Éthiopie conjuguée aux rumeurs de reprise des départs de bateaux à partir des côtes d’Obock où les migrants ont l’habitude de traverser le golfe d'Aden pour rejoindre la péninsule arabique. Entre janvier et novembre 2023, les arrivées en provenance d’Éthiopie ont atteint 110 338) marquant une augmentation significative de 21 pour cent par rapport à la même période de l'année précédente (91 144). Les mouvements migratoires en novembre se sont dirigés principalement: vers la péninsule arabique (51%), entrants (39%), transitants vers l'Éthiopie (5%), transitants à l'intérieur de Djibouti (4%), et sortants (1%). Les retours spontanés depuis le Yémen ont baissé de 14 pour cent en raison des marées hautes agitant la mer, passant de 588 en octobre à 505 en novembre parmi lesquels figuraient 79 femmes (16%).

In November 2023, 22,968 migratory movements were observed at flow monitoring points (FMPs) in Djibouti, with a daily average of 766 migratory movements. Migration flows observed across all FMPs increased slightly by (1%) compared to October 2023 during which 22,709 movements were recorded. Of these 22,968 movements, 6,400 (28%) were observed in the Obock region where migrants cross the Gulf of Aden towards the Arabian Peninsula. Migration flows at the Obock FMP increased by (31%) compared to October 2023. This increase could be due to a reduction in border controls with Ethiopia combined with rumors of resumption of boat departures from the coasts of Obock where migrants are used to crossing the Gulf of Aden to reach the Arabian Peninsula. Between January and November 2023, arrivals from Ethiopia (110,338) saw a significant increase of 21% compared to the same period of the previous year (91,144). Migration movements in November were mainly: towards the Arabian Peninsula (51%), inbound (39%), transiting towards Ethiopia (5%), transiting within Djibouti (4%), and outgoing (1%). Spontaneous returns from Yemen fell by (14%) due to high tides agitating the sea, going from 588 in October to 505 in November, including 79 women (16%).

On December 18th, an armed attack occurred in downtown Ganthier, specifically in the 5th communal section of Pays Pourri, which is situated within the municipality of Ganthier. As a consequence of this incident, approximately 388 households, totaling 1,940 individuals, have been displaced within the same municipality. Currently, these displaced individuals have sought refuge with host families, with the majority finding shelter in the communal section of Fond Parisien.