This report on remittance inflows to Pakistan from 2019 to 2024 details the fluctuating trends in money sent home by the Pakistani diaspora. The report highlights the economic impact of these financial transfers. Initially, remittances grew significantly, reaching USD 31 billion in 2021, but this was followed by a decline, with 2023 seeing a drop to USD 26.3 billion, largely due to economic issues in the Gulf Cooperation Council countries and restrictive financial policies in Pakistan. Despite these challenges, remittance inflows remained a critical source of foreign exchange and economic stability, particularly during crises such as the COVID-19 pandemic and the 2022 floods.

Since October 8 there has been an increase in cross-border incidents between Israel and Lebanon, resulting in the displacement of people both within the South and elsewhere within the country. Since October 10, the Displacement Tracking Matrix (DTM) has been conducting the daily monitoring of population movements. The objective of the exercise is to inform preparedness and response planning.

IOM Yemen DTM's Rapid Displacement Tracking (RDT) tool collects data on estimated numbers of households forced to flee on a daily basis from their locations of origin or displacement, allowing for regular reporting of new displacements in terms of estimated numbers, geography, and needs. It also tracks returnees who returned to their location of origin.

From 1 January to 13 April 2024, IOM Yemen DTM tracked 961 households (HH) (5,766 Individuals) who experienced displacement at least once.

Between 7 and 13 April 2024, IOM Yemen DTM tracked 7 households (42 individuals) displaced at least once. The majority of people moved into/within the following governorates and districts:

• Ma'rib (7 HHs) – Harib (4 HHs), Ma'rib City (2 HHs), Ma'rib (1 HH) districts. Most displacements in the governorate originated from Al Jawf and Al Hodeidah.

The majority of people moved from the following governorates and districts:

• Al Jawf (4 HHs) – Al Humaydat (4 HHs) district.
• Al Hodeidah (1 HH) – Ad Dohi (1 HH) district.
• Taiz (1 HH) – Al Mudhaffar (1 HH) district.

IOM identified 7 displaced households in the previous reporting period, which covered 31 March - 06 April 2024, in the governorates of Ma'rib (6 HHs), and Al Hodeidah (1 HH). These figures have been added to the cumulative displacement total recorded since the beginning of the year.

Key findings:

• Specific needs* include chronic diseases or serious medical conditions (60%), visual impairment (18%), mobility impairment (8%) and pregnant or lactating women (8%).
• Priority needs include medicine (32%) and healthcare services (67%).
• More male respondents reported needing medicine (35%) than their female counterparts (31%)
• Female respondents required healthcare services (69%) more than men (65%).
• Groups with elderly required medicine (40%) more than healthcare services (30%).
• Groups with children needed healthcare services (56%) more than medicine (46%),

Key Findings:

• Among respondents, 43 per cent are active (employed or unemployed), and 46 per cent are inactive (student status, parental leave, retirement, unemployment and not looking for a job).
• Within active population, 54 per cent are employed and 46 are unemployed.
• 90 per cent of respondents do not speak Romanian
•  
• Top barriers to employment include: language barrier (55%), where to find jobs (40%) and lack of jobs suited to qualifications (40%)5
• Top reasons for unemployment and not looking for a job: parental leave (39%), helping family (15%), retired (15%) and no need to work (14%)
• Top occupations: services and sales (28%), plants and machinery operations (21%), education (16%), administrative fields (9%)

Environmental change is increasingly recognized as a central and cross-cutting issue globally and in West and Central Africa (WCA) in particular. However, comprehensive data on environmental migration is lacking, hindering the in-depth understanding of the links between environmental change, disasters, and migration in WCA.  

According to the IOM’s definition, “environmental migrants are persons or groups of persons who, predominantly for reasons of sudden or progressive change in the environment that adversely affects their lives or living conditions, are obliged to leave their habitual homes, or choose to do so, either temporarily or permanently, and who move either within their country or abroad” making the essential criterion to identify environmental migrants to require that environmental phenomena play a predominant role in the migration decision.

This first dashboard aims at providing detailed information and evidence on people on the move in the context of disasters, climate change, and environmental degradation.