Reports

The Central Sahel area, and in particular the Liptako Gourma region, which borders Burkina Faso, Mali and Niger, is affected by a complex crisis involving growing competition over dwindling resources; climatic variability; demographic pressure; high levels of poverty; disaffection and a lack of livelihood opportunities; communal tensions; the absence of state institutions and basic services; and violence related to organized crime and Non-State Armed Groups. The crisis has led to the death of an estimated 5,000 people in 2020 (as of 31 August) and triggered significant displacement of populations in the four affected countries. As of 25 February 2021, 1,723,972 individuals have been displaced, including 1,548,137 Internally Displaced Persons (90% of the displaced population) and 175,835 Refugees (10% of the displaced population). Sixty-five per cent of the displaced population (1,117,278 individuals) were located in Burkina Faso, while 20 per cent resided in Mali (342,274 individuals), 11 per cent in Niger (198,473 individuals) and 4 per cent in Mauritania (65,947 individuals).

La région du Sahel central, et plus particulièrement la zone du Liptako Gourma, qui enjambe le Burkina Faso, le Mali et le Niger, est témoin d’une crise complexe qui comprend comme enjeux une compétition grandissante pour le contrôle de ressources; des bouleversements climatiques; une croissance démographique galopante; des niveaux élevés de pauvreté; l’absence d’opportunités économiques et un sentiment de désillusions quant au futur; des tensions communautaires; l’absence de présence étatique et le manque de services sociaux de base; et des violences provoquées par des réseaux de crime organisé et des groups armés non étatiques. La crise a engendré, en 2020, la mort de 5 000 personnes 2020 (au 31 août) et conduit à des déplacements de populations significatifs dans les quatre pays touches par la crise. Au 25 février 2021, 1 723 972 individus étaient déplacés par la crise, y compris 1 548 137 Personnes déplacées internes (90% de la population affectée) et 175 835 réfugiés (10%). Soixante-cinq pour cent de la population déplacée (1 117 278 personnes) se trouvaient au Burkina Faso, 20 pour cent au Mali (342 274), 11 pour cent au Niger (198 473) et 4 pour cent en Mauritanie (65 947).

In the states Borno and Adamawa, a total of 5,705 movements were recorded, comprising 5,112 arrivals and 593 departures, between 15 and 21 February 2021. Arrivals were recorded at locations in Askira/Uba, Bama, Biu, Damboa, Dikwa, Gwoza, Konduga, Mobbar and Monguno Local Government Areas (LGAs) of the most conflict-affected state of Borno. Arrivals were also recorded in Demsa, Fufore, Girei, Gombi, Hong, Lamurde, Madagali, Maiha, Michika, Mubi North, Mubi South, Numan, Song, Yola North and Yola South LGAs of Adamawa.   Departures were recorded in Askira/Uba, Damboa and Kala/Balge LGAs of Borno; Demsa, Fufore, Girei, Gombi, Lamurde, Madagali, Maiha, Mubi North, Mubi South, Numan, Song and Yola South LGAs of Adamawa.   ETT assessments identified the following movement triggers: conflict/attack (3,522 individuals or 62%), voluntary relocation (996 individuals or 17%), poor living conditions (463 individuals or 8%), fear of attack (379 individuals or 7%) and improved security (345 individuals or 6%).

The landfall of Tropical Cyclone Eloise in the early morning hours of 23 January 2021 and Tropical Storm Chalane on 30 December 2020 has affected Sofala, Manica, southern Zambezia, Inhambane, and Gaza provinces. Buzi district, Sofala, was one the most affected: the discharge of water from Chicamba dam and the Mavuzi reservoir has affected the residents of Vila Sede, Guara-Guara, Ampara, Grudja, Estaquinha, Inhamuchindo, and Bândua localities in Buzi district. *According to the National Institute for Disaster Management and Risk Reduction (INGD) an estimated 143,292 individuals (27,388 households) and 3,917.3 hectares of farmland have been affected in the aforementioned localities.    The International Organization for Migration (IOM) DTM, in coordination with INGD, has been working in Buzi to track and monitor movements of the population since the landfall of Tropical Cyclone Eloise. Since last assessments1 a total of three new resettlement sites (RS) have been identified, one in Guara Guara (Planned Guara Guara RS, with capacity for 2, 950 families, with a total of 1,972 families having been relocated to the site already), one in Bandua (Planned Bandua 2021, hosting 451 families) and Chorimonio planned RS (hosting 313 families), located in Muchenessa locality. Five out of the six accommodation centres initially activated are still active, ES de Guara-Guara (hosting 3,320 individuals or 635 households), Mussinemue (hosting 850 individuals, 170 households), Bopira (hosting 700 individuals, 140 households), EPC de Inharongue (hosting 1,297individuals, 302 households), and Campo 11 (hosting 370 individuals, 103 households).   The main places of origin of identified IDPs are:  Buzi villa (2,710 families), Munamicua village (451 families), Fumo Village (302 families), Muchenessa village (313 families), Mussanemue lower areas (170 families) and Bopira lower areas (140 families), see Figure 1 below;   The top humanitarian needs identified include: Food, WASH, Shelter and Non-Food Items (NFI), Health, Education and Security.

The DTM has identified 113,841 internally displaced persons (IDPs) and 25,475 households in the month of December 2020. 

La DTM a identifié 113 841 personnes déplacées internes (PDI) réparties dans 25 475 ménages déplacés, 81 pour cent des déplacements étaient dus à des désastres naturels et 19 pour cent à d'autres raisons.

The objective of the Emergency Tracking Tool (ETT) is to collect information on large and sudden population movements. Information is collected through key informant interviews or direct observation. This dashboard provides information on displacement which occurred on 24 February 2021 in one site of Lac Province. After the explosion on 23 February 2021 of an Improvised Explosive Device (IED), the preferred weapon of use of Non-State Armed Groups operating in the region, 83 households (422 individuals) preventively fled the village of Kangou (Liwa sous-préfecture, Fouli département) for the site of Nima, located in the same sous-préfecture.

Le suivi des urgences a pour but de recueillir des informations sur les mouvements importants et soudains de populations. Les informations sont collectées à travers des entretiens avec des informateurs clés ou des observations directes. Ce tableau de bord présente des informations sur un mouvement de personnes survenu le 24 février 2021 dans un site de la province du Lac. Suite à l’explosion, le 23 février 2021, d’un Engin Explosif Improvisé (EEI), l’arme privilégiée des groupes armés non-étatiques opérant dans la région, 83 ménages (422 individus) ont quitté le village de Kangou (sous-préfecture de Liwa, département de Fouli) de manière préventive, pour se réfugier dans le site de Nima, situé au sein de la même sous-préfecture.

The current outbreak of COVID-19 has resulted in a global pandemic, heightening the risk to vulnerable populations, internally displaced people and people on the move. On 22 March 2020, the Government of Mozambique officially declared the first positive COVID-19 case. In late March, South Africa declared a lockdown due to the spread of COVID-19, which prompted over 14,000 Mozambican migrants to return home from South Africa, through the Ressano Garcia border, within a span of a few days2. This further heightened the risks and concerns over the spread of the virus in Mozambique, in particular for vulnerable populations such as Internally Displaced Persons (IDPs). In response to the COVID-19 pandemic, IOM’s Displacement Tracking Matrix (DTM) in collaboration with the Government of Mozambique’s National Disaster Management Agency (INGC) conducted an assessment in the resettlement sites from 25 to 29 January 2021, with the sole purpose to inform government and humanitarian partners on preparedness levels and precautionary measures currently available in resettlement sites hosting populations displaced by Cyclone Idai. The information gathered is intended to help partners plan interventions. This information will further allow partners to identify recommended health and site preparation measures to prevent and contain an outbreak in the resettlement sites in the central region. As in the previous assessments, none of the key informants reported the arrivals from neighbouring countries of Mozambican migrant workers, joining their families in the resettlement sites, in the past month.

As a result of the order to leave given to herders in some southern states in Nigeria, a considerable influx of fulani herdsmen was recorded in Labduga Community in Kachia LGA of Kaduna State. The eviction followed a notable increase in criminal activities, including banditry/hirabah (kidnapping and grand larceny along highways and farmlands) in the southern states for which the herdsmen were held responsible. Following these events, a rapid assessment was conducted by DTM (Displacement Tracking Matrix) field staff on 10 February 2021, with the purpose of informing the humanitarian community and government partners, and enable targeted response. Flash reports utilise direct observation and a broad network of key informants to gather representative data and collect information on the number, profile and immediate needs of affected populations.   The movement involved 4,173 Individuals in 692 Households from Ondo,Ogun, and Oyo States in the South West Zone and Ebonyi State in the South East Zone respectively into Labduga community, Agunu ward in Kachia LGA of Kaduna State.

L’agropastoralisme transhumant, pratique ancestrale au Cameroun et dans la sous-région, représente une activité capitale pour l’économie et occupe une part importante de la population. Elle est confrontée à un nombre croissant de risques et vulnérabilités qui mettent en péril le mode de vie des transhumants et menacent la stabilité communautaire. Ce rapport détaille les données de l’outil de comptage, qui a pour objectif d’enregistrer les passages de bétail et d’éleveurs au niveau de 14 points de comptage situés dans les région Nord, Adamaoua et Est, aux frontières tchadienne et centrafricaine entre octobre et décembre 2020.

This report presents the findings of round 34 of the Mobility Tracking component of IOM Libya’s Displacement Tracking Matrix (DTM) programme, covering November and December 2020. During the reporting period, the security situation remained stable as the ceasefire continued to hold, resulting in an increasing number of previously displaced families returning to their places of origin in Western Libya. The number of returnees identified during this round of data collection increased from 567,802 returnees identified in round 33 to 604,965 returnees in round 34 (+37,163 individuals). Correspondingly, the number of internally displaced persons (IDPs) identified in Libya decreased from 316,415 individuals reported in round 33 to 278,177 IDPs by the end of December 2020.