Reports

This joint study from IOM Chad, IOM Niger and IOM Libya explores the context, scale and nature of migration dynamics among these countries. This report also touches upon the vulnerabilities and humanitarian needs of migrants on the move in the Chad-Libya-Niger triangle and the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on cross-border mobility.

Following the recent attacks in Palma Sede, DTM teams in Nangade, Mueda, Montepuez, Mecufi, Ibo and Pemba districts continue to register significant rise in IDP arrivals since 27 March. On the 28th of May 2021, an estimated number of  1,227 IDPs were registered in the receiving districts bringing the total number of IDPs to 61,754 people who have been displaced from Palma. IDPs continue to arrive in Nangade on foot and by bus from Nangade to Mueda, Montepuez, and Pemba. 

Following an attack by non-state armed groups in December 2020 in Niger in the locality of Toumour (Diffa region), 1,800 people, all Chadian nationals, left the locality of Toumour to take refuge in the locality of Boulouwa, located in the Batha province in central Chad. Movements started in January 2021 and are still ongoing. These people indicated that they were originally from Boulouwa (Chad) and left during the lean season in 1985, to continue their agro-pastoral activities in Niger. To arrive at the current location, they reported that they had moved on foot between Toumour and the Chadian border, and then by vehicle between the Chadian border and the current location, where they had built makeshift shelters with the help of the local community. Although they have received assistance with food and non-food items, their needs remain high, particularly for shelter, water and latrines.

Suite à une attaque par des groupes armés non étatiques survenue en Décembre 2020 au Niger dans la localité de Toumour (région de Diffa), 1 800 personnes, tous ressortissants tchadiens, ont quitté le Niger pour se refugier dans la localité de Boulouwa, située dans la province du Batha au centre du Tchad. Ces mouvements ont débuté au mois de janvier 2021 et continuent. Ces personnes ont indiqué être originaires de la localité de Boulouwa (Tchad) qu’elles avaient quitté durant la période de soudure en 1985 pour continuer leurs activités agro-pastorales au Niger. Pour arriver dans le lieu actuel, elles ont indiqué s’être déplacées à pieds entre Toumour et la frontière Tchadienne, ensuite par véhicules entre la frontière Tchadienne et le lieu d’accueil actuel où elles ont construit des abris de fortune avec l’aide de la communauté locale. Bien qu’elles aient déjà reçu des assistances en vivres et articles non alimentaires, leurs besoins restent élevés notamment en abris, eau et latrines.

IOM responded to an escalation in conflict in the Greater Pibor Administrative area in May 2021, which displaced thousands. DTM carried out event tracking assessments and participated in inter-unit assessment with IOM's CCCM and ESNFI teams.

Les conflits agro-pastoraux liés à la transhumance, pratique ancestrale au Cameroun et dans la sous-région, sont devenus une cause d’insécurité majeure à la frontière avec le Tchad et la République centrafricaine. L’outil de suivi des mouvements de transhumance (Transhumance Tracking Tool - TTT) mis en place depuis Août 2020 dans les régions de l’Est, de l’Adamaoua et du Nord, permet de comprendre les dynamiques liées à la transhumance transfrontalière avec le Tchad et la République Centrafricaine. Le TTT combine trois composantes : l’alerte, la cartographie et le comptage. Le système d’alerte a pour objectif de recenser les mouvements inattendus de bétail et conflits liés à l’utilisation des ressources naturelles et aux pratiques agro-pastorales dans la région, de comprendre les modes de résolution de conflits existants et d’informer les autorités compétentes, dans l’objectif de réduire les tensions dans les trois régions d’intervention. Ce système permet de recenser les alertes liés à un événement conflictuel (alerte événement) ou à un mouvement massif ou inattendu de bétail (alerte prévention) qui pourrait provoquer un conflit. Ce rapport détaille les données de l’outil d’alerte pendant le mois d’avril 2021.

Between 17 and 23 May 2021, a total of 2,427 movements were recorded in the states of Adamawa and Borno. The recorded movements consisted of 1,977 arrivals and 450 departures. Arrivals were recorded at locations in Askira/Uba, Bama, Gwoza, Hawul, Jere and Kala/Balge Local Government Areas (LGAs) of the most conflict-affected state of Borno and in Demsa, Fufore, Girei, Gombi, Hong, Lamurde, Madagali, Maiha, Michika, Mubi North, Mubi South, Numan, Song and Yola South LGAs of Adamawa.   Departures were recorded in Askira/Uba LGA of Borno, and Demsa, Fufore, Hong, Lamurde, Madagali, Maiha, Michika, Mubi North, Numan and Song LGAs of Adamawa.   ETT assessments identified the following movement triggers: poor living conditions (902 individuals or 37%), voluntary relocation (656 individuals or 27%), improved security (645 individuals or 27%), fear of attack (154 individuals or 6%) and conflict/attack (61 individuals or 3%).

DTM teams activated Emergency Event Tracking (EET) to monitor the displacement of individuals affected by inter-communal conflict between Masalit and Arab tribes. Clashes initially erupted on 16 January 2021 in the Krinding area of Ag Geneina town, West Darfur. Since 3 April 2021, inter-communal conflict has escalated in the Hai Eljabal area of Ag Geneina town, West Darfur, resulting in additional displacement. The seventeenth update estimates a total number of 149,647 individuals (29,975 households) seeking shelter in Ag Geneina and its surrounding villages. The IDP caseload was displaced from Krinding 1 and 2 IDP camps (37%), Hai Eljabal area (27%), Sultan House area (10%) and other sites nearby (26%). Since the sixteenth update, there has been a decrease of one per cent in displacement figures (inclusive of a decrease of 4,510 individuals across nine sites and an increase of 2,865 individuals in one site). On 26 May, IOM participated in a joint rapid verification exercise with the Humanitarian Aid Commission (HAC) and UNHCR to verify displaced caseloads across five sites in Ag Geneina town as reflected in this update. Ten additional sites are expected to be verified over the coming days and will be captured accordingly in the next update. 

Following the recent attacks in Palma Sede, DTM teams in Nangade, Mueda, Montepuez, Mecufi, Ibo and Pemba districts continue to register significant rise in IDP arrivals since 27 March. On the 27th of May 2021, an estimated number of  714 IDPs were registered in the receiving districts bringing the total number of IDPs to 60,527 people who have been displaced from Palma. IDPs continue to arrive in Nangade on foot and by bus from Nangade to Mueda, Montepuez, and Pemba. 

During the reporting period (19 - 27 May 2021), a total of 221 movements were recorded - 209 arrivals (8,117 individuals), 9 departures (263 individuals), and 3 transits (118 individuals). The largest arrivals were recorded in Nangade (2,473), Cidade de Pemba (1,982), Mueda (1,735) and Ibo (638). Departures were recorded in Mueda (200), Ibo (46), Metuge (12), and Namuno (5). The transitory movement were recorded in Nangade (95), Ibo (21), and Namuno (2).

Following the recent attacks in Palma Sede, DTM teams in Nangade, Mueda, Montepuez, Mecufi, Ibo and Pemba districts continue to register significant rise in IDP arrivals since 27 March. On the 26th of May 2021, an estimated number of  900 IDPs were registered in the receiving districts bringing the total number of IDPs to 59,813 people who have been displaced from Palma. IDPs continue to arrive in Nangade on foot and by bus from Nangade to Mueda, Montepuez, and Pemba. 

Surging communal violence between ethnic and religious groups, and long-standing conflicts between farming communities and nomadic herders are prevalent across north-east Nigeria. These conflicts are predominantly centered on disputes over land and cause great insecurity and widespread displacement across the region.   On 13 May 2021, a clash between neighbouring Tiv and Fulani communities in Bali LGA in Taraba state was reported which led to a wave of population displacement. Following this event, rapid assessments were conducted by DTM (Displacement Tracking Matrix) field staff with the purpose of informing the humanitarian community and government partners, and enable targeted response. Flash reports utilise direct observation and a broad network of key informants to gather representative data and collect information on the number, profile and immediate needs of affected populations.   The clash affected a total of 7,296 individuals in Bali LGA of Taraba State. Affected individuals were forced to flee their locations of origin towards villages in Logo, Ukum, Katsina-Ala and Vandeikya LGAs in the neighbouring state of Benue, and Gassol LGA and the ward Bali A within Bali LGA of Taraba State. A total of 245 casualties were recorded and 698 shelters were damaged. Following the rapid assessment, 45 per cent of IDPs mentioned shelter as their main need, followed by food (reported by 30% of IDPs), NFIs (reported by 15% of IDPs) and livelihood (reported by 10% of IDPs).