Reports

Deos-Tinputz experienced a King Tide at around 2000Hrs on 03 January 2020, leading to the displacement of the local community members who fled to higher ground for safety. The displaced population cleared the land identified for temporary evacuation, and erected makeshift shelters prior to receiving tarpaulins from the Papua New Guinea Red Cross Society (PNGRCS). They also received water containers from the International Organization for Migration (IOM) and  Bougainville Disaster & Climate Change Office. This site profile presents main findings from the assessment jointly conducted by PNGRCS, Save the Children and IOM at the request of the Bougainville Disaster & Climate Change Office. 

The geopolitical zones of North Central and North West in Nigeria have been affected by a multidimensional crisis - one that is rooted in historic ethno-social cleavages - that rekindled in 2013 following the degradation of socioeconomic and environmental conditions. The crisis accelerated in January 2018 with the intensification of attacks, resulting in the displacement of hundreds of thousands of individuals. At the end of 2018, one million individuals had been displaced. While many of the Internally Displaced Persons (IDPs) have been able to return, hundreds of thousands remain displaced due to lack of security and fear of being attacked en route or upon their return.   The crisis in North Central and North West is multifaceted and multidimensional. It includes the long-standing conflict between ethnic and linguistic groups; tensions between nomadic pastoralists (transhumance), territorial dispute and sedentary farmers; and attacks by criminal groups on local populations and banditry/hirabah (kidnapping and grand larceny along major highways). These tensions cross-cut religious cleavages between Muslim and Christian communities, especially Plateau State (North Central). The crisis continues to displace populations regularly in the states of Benue, Nasarawa and Plateau (North Central), and Kaduna, Kano, Sokoto, Katsina and Zamfara (North West). Disputes between herders and farmers are one of the key phenomena in this crisis. Nomadic pastoralists (transhumance) and sedentary farmers historically cohabitated in the region, with herders accompanying cattle along transhumance corridors. These corridors cut through farmland, in search of water points and grazing lands. In recent years, as water source and pastureland availability has declined, transhumance routes have increasingly encroached onto farmland. This resource competition raises tensions between herders and farmers, often leading to violent clashes.   Another major phenomenon in the affected regions are communal conflicts pitting ethnic and language-based communities. These tensions date back to the division of the country into states, which separated ethnic and linguistic groups by administrative boundaries. It often resulted in the forced cohabitation of often antagonistic groups. Tensions over resources and land, exacerbated by climate change, have escalated into communal conflicts that displace significant numbers of people. IOM’s Displacement Tracking Matrix (DTM) was first implemented in Nasarawa and Abuja in August 2015. After the crisis in North West and Central Nigeria escalated in early 2018, providing support to affected populations became paramount. As a result, IOM broadened the reach of DTM to the entire affected area, to assess the numbers and trends of displacement, and gain insight into the profiles, needs and vulnerabilities of displaced populations. The information collected seeks to inform the government of Nigeria - as well as the humanitarian community - with an improved understanding of population movement and displacement in the two zones. Likewise, it aims to better inform the humanitarian response and relief provision for the affected populations.

From 18 to 27 November, in close coordination with Mozambique’s National Institute for Disaster Management (INGC), IOM Displacement Tracking Matrix (DTM) teams conducted a Disaster Risk Assessment at locality level (localidade), corresponding to the lowest administrative level in the country. This assessment covered 498 Localities (130 Administrative Posts) in 59 Districts of Manica, Sofala, Tete and Zambezia provinces. The disaster risk assessment was carried out through key informant interviews by DTM enumerators and SDPI (Service at DisAtrict level for Planning and Infrastructures) focal points. Risk to natural disasters was not assessed based on geophysical conditions but based on local authorities’ knowledge on past exposure to disastrous events.

From 6 – 12 January 2020, a total of 3,071 movements were recorded, composed of 2,400 arrivals and 671 departures. Arrivals were recorded at locations in Maiduguri Metropolitan Council, Askira/Uba, Bama, Biu, Damboa, Dikwa, Gwoza, Hawul, Jere, Konduga, Mafa, Mobbar, Monguno and Ngala Local Government Areas (LGAs) of Borno State. Arrivals were also recorded in Fufore, Girei, Gombi, Hong, Madagali, Michika, Mubi North, Mubi South, Numan, Song, Yola North and Yola South LGAs of Adamawa State. Departures were recorded in Bama, Chibok, Gwoza and Kala/Balge LGAs of Borno State. Departures were also recorded in Fufore, Gombi, Hong, Demsa, Madagali, Maiha, Michika, Mubi North, Numan, Song and Yola North LGAs of Adamawa State. ETT assessments identified the following movement triggers: poor living conditions (35%), voluntary relocation (28%), fear of attack (13%), improved security (12%), conflict/attack (11%) and military operations (1%).

As part of IOM’s Ebola Virus Disease (EVD) preparedness activities, DTM operates Flow Monitoring Points (FMPs) on the borders with Uganda (UGA), the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC) and the Central African Republic (CAR). In total, 24 EVD-dedicated FMPs were active in October, though Bazi, Okaba, Lasu and Tokori temporarily suspended operations after 27 October following armed clashes in Isebi (Morobo County). This dashboard highlights key entry routes to South Sudan (SSD) and presents the demographic profile of people surveyed on arrival from the three neighbouring countries at risk of EVD transmission. Participation in the survey is voluntary and the data collected is only indicative of actual flows.

As part of IOM’s Ebola Virus Disease (EVD) preparedness activities, DTM operates Flow Monitoring Points (FMPs) on the borders with Uganda (UGA), the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC) and the Central African Republic (CAR). In total, 22 EVD-dedicated FMPs were active in November, with Bazi and Okaba resuming operations on 18 November while data collection in Lasu and Tokori remained suspended as a security precaution. This dashboard highlights key entry routes to South Sudan (SSD) and presents the demographic profile of people surveyed on arrival from the three neighbouring countries at risk of EVD transmission. Participation in the survey is voluntary and the data collected is only indicative of actual flows.

Suite à des attaques de groupes armés survenues le 11 janvier 2020 dans le village de Ngorea 1, dans la sous-préfecture de Kaiga-kindjiria (Département de Fouli) et dans le village de Kallom dans la sous-préfecture de Ngouboua (Département de Kaya), environ 754 ménages de 3 463 individus se sont déplacés vers les villages se situant dans les sous-préfectures de Kaiga-kindjiria, Ngouboua , Liwa et Daboua. Les informations reçues indiquent qu’il est probable que des mouvements continuent dans les prochains jours.

Following attacks by armed groups on 11 January 2020 in the village of Ngorea 1, located in the sous-préfecture of Kaiga-kindjiria (Département of Fouli) and in the village of Kallom located in the sous-préfecture of Ngouboua (Département of Kaya), around 754 households of 3,463 individuals fled to differents villages located in the sous-préfectures of Kaiga-kindjiria, Ngouboua, Liwa and Daboua. The information received indicates that movements will likely continue in the coming days.

This document compiles the main events related to migration flows and forced displacement which occurred in West and Central Africa in December 2019, as well as key information products published by DTM for the month.

The DTM Emergency Event Tracking (EET) is deployed to track sudden displacement and population movements, and provide more frequent updates on the scale of displacement and quantify the affected population when needed. As a subcomponent of the new Mobility Tracking methodology in Sudan (Round Zero), and activated on a needs basis, EET utilises a broad network of key informants to capture best estimates of the affected population presence per location – a useful tool for humanitarian response planning and design.

The Liptako Gourma region, which borders Burkina Faso, Mali and Niger, is affected by a complex crisis involving growing competition over dwindling resources; climatic variability; demographic pressure; high levels of poverty; disaffection and a lack of livelihood opportunities; communal tensions; the absence of state institutions and basic services; and violence related to organized crime and Non-State Armed Groups. The crisis has led to the death of an estimated 3,334 people and triggered significant displacement of populations in the three affected countries. As of 15 January 2020, 912,344 individuals have been displaced, including 816,070 Internally Displaced Persons (89% of the displaced population) and 96,274 Refugees (11% of the displaced population). 63 per cent of the affected population (representing 571,775 individuals) were located in Burkina Faso, while 22 per cent resided in Mali (204,015 individuals) and 15 per cent in Niger (136,554 individuals).  

The DTM has identified 104, 191 internally displaced persons (IDPs) and 23,343 households in the month of December.