Reports

Since it was initially reported on 31 December 2019, the illness known as Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) has spread rapidly across the globe, leading the World Health Organization (WHO) to declare it a pandemic on 11 March 2020. As of 28 April, close to 2.9 million confirmed cases and nearly 200,000 deaths have been reported globally since the outbreak began. Confirmed cases have been reported in more than 200 countries/ territories/areas, with new cases and countries reporting daily. As several governments and authorities across the world continue to gradually transition towards more flexible and partially restrictive measures, the impact of COVID-19 on global mobility and migration dynamics remains severe with new extensions of border closures and air travel suspensions. As of 27 April, a total of 217 countries, territories and areas have issued 52,970 COVID-19 related mobility restrictions demonstrating a 1 per cent increase from the 52,262 restrictions recorded on 23 April. At the same time, since the last reporting date, there has been a 15 per cent increase in other limitations such as new documents required for entry, as well as a 4 per cent increase in medical restrictions and measures. IOM missions are working with governments and partners to ensure that migrants, whether in regular or irregular situations, as well as returnees and forcibly displaced persons are included in efforts to mitigate and combat the illness’s impact. Recent weeks have seen evidence of concentration of COVID-19 cases among migrant workers in some locations, highlighting existing inequalities between migrants and host communities and further confirming the critical need for specific outreach and inclusion of migrants in all responses. In addition to the immediate health risks of COVID-19, the situation poses significant socio-economic and protection challenges for migrants excluded from or unable to access support mechanisms. There are also increasing reports of stigma and discrimination towards migrants at destination, transit and home locations upon return, due to fears around COVID-19 transmission. Devising adequate responses for migrants, refugees, IDPs, returnees and vulnerable groups remains the top priority for IOM.

L’objectif de l’outil de suivi des urgences est de rassembler des informations sur les mouvements significatifs et soudains de populations. Ce rapport présente des informations sur des déplacements de populations ayant eu lieu entre les 18 et 21 avril 2020 dans le département du Mayo-Kani de la région de l’Extrême-Nord.

The objective of the Emergency Tracking Tool (ETT) is to collect information on large and sudden population movements. Information is collected through key informant interviews or direct observation. This dashboard provides information on forced displacement of population which occurred on 21 April 2020 in one site of Moyen-Chari Province.  Following heavy rainfall, thousands of homes on the Maïngama site (located in the Grande Sido département, Moyen-Chari Province) were damaged, forcing 430 households of 2,062 individuals to flee their destroyed shelters and seek refuge in the shelters of other households within the same site. Maïngama is the largest site in southern Chad hosting returnees from the Central African Republic, with currently approximately 10,000 individuals being hosted there. Assessments are being conducted by various partners in order to determine the extent of the damage caused by this rainfall.

Le suivi des urgences a pour but de recueillir des informations sur les mouvements importants et soudains de populations. Les informations sont collectées à travers des entretiens avec des informateurs clés ou des observations directes. Ce tableau de bord présente les informations sur un déplacement forcé de personnes survenu le 21 avril 2020 dans un site de la province du Moyen-Chari. Suite à de fortes pluies, des milliers de maisons dans le site de Maïngama (département de la Grande Sido, province du Moyen-Chari) ont été endommagées, contraignant 430 ménages de 2 062 personnes à quitter leurs abris détruits pour se réfugier dans ceux d’autres ménages dans le même site. Maïngama est le plus grand site au sud du Tchad accueillant des personnes retournées de la République Centrafricaine, avec actuellement environ 10 000 personnes qui y sont accueillies. Des évaluations sont en train d’être conduites par divers partenaires afin de déterminer l’ampleur de dégâts causés par ces pluies.

In response to the COVID-19 pandemic, the Government of Sudan (GoS) declared a nationwide health emergency and introduced mitigation measures in March 2020 to reduce the transmission of the virus. These measures include restrictions on travel due to closure of airports, points of entry (POE) along land borders and maritime boundaries, as well as domestic movement restrictions.   

As of 19 April 2020, South Sudan has reported four confirmed cases of which one is not in the country anymore. However, contact tracing in relation to the confirmed cases is ongoing. The South Sudan High Level Task Force (HLTF) on 13 April 2020 suspended all internal passenger flights and other public transportation between Juba and other states (and other inter-state movements) as a measure to curb a potential spread of the disease to other parts of the country. This suspension is set to take a period of no more than 14 days (up to 29 April 2020) as of 15 April 2020.    The HLTF requested the Ministry of Health to increase testing starting in Juba by dividing the city in to five zones and collecting maximum 100 samples a week in each zone.

The inter-communal fighting that flared up in Jonglei State and Greater Pibor Administrative Area of South Sudan in February 2020 forced over 8,000 people - the majority of whom were women and children -  to seek safety in makeshift shelters in the area adjacent to the United Nations Mission in South Sudan (UNMISS) base in Pibor Town. Throughout 9 March to 12 April 2020, IOM tracked a total of 7,416 individual movements newly entering (2,934) and intending to permanently exit (4,482) signifying a net outflux of 1,548 individuals since the start of the exercise. By mid-April, the IDP site adjacent to UNMISS Pibor has seen a sharp decline in its population and partners are beginning to downscale operations.

As per the January 2020 population count, the population stands at 118,622 individuals (16,672 households) in 12,057 inhabited shelters (on average 7 individuals per shelter). The PoC site had been decreasing in population throughout the first half of 2019 and reached its highest point of the year in October 2019 at 117,767 individuals, it decreased in December 2019 but increased in January 2020 at 118,622 individuals. Although it is noted in the Arrivals from Sudan Report that movement between the two countries, as recorded in Rubkona Town, has dropped since November 2019, 24 per cent of interviewed Sudan arrivals intended to join their families at Bentiu PoC site. According to indicative Displacement Site Flow Monitoring findings, 43 per cent of new arrivals in January 2020 departed from Sudan although the recorded number was lower than in December 2019. Failed attempts to return home and checking on property (mainly to Rubkona, Guit and Koch) were the reason for 22 per cent of individual journeys carried out by residents who came back to the site in January 2020 after being away for over four months. ​

As per the March 2020 population count, the population stands at 118,385 individuals (16,324 households) in 12,054 inhabited shelters (on average 10 individuals per shelter). According to indicative Displacement Site Flow Monitoring findings, the number of new arrivals per month has been decreasing since December 2019. Accessing food distributions in other counties of Unity State and failed attempts to return home figured among the top reasons for temporary journeys away from the site in March 2020. 

The ongoing conflict in Yemen, since March 2015, has led to the displacement of more than 3.6 million people (according to DTM's 2018 Area Assessment). DTM's Rapid Displacement Tracking tool collects and reports on numbers of households forced to flee on a daily basis, allowing for regular reporting of new displacements in terms of numbers, geography and needs.   From 01 January to 25 Apr 2020, IOM Yemen DTM estimates that 12,556  Households or 75,336 Individuals have experienced displacement, at least once.                                                                                                                                                              Between the 19th Apr 2020 and 25th of Apr 2020, the highest number of displacements were seen in:  ·       Abyan (188 HH) – Lawdar (179 HH), Khanfir (9 HH) districts. Most displacements in the governorate were originated from Al Bayda. ·       Marib (171 HH) – Marib (153 HH), Marib City (12 HH), Raghwan (5 HH) districts. Most displacements in the governorate were originated from Al Jawf and Marib. ·       Al Dhale'e (104 HH) – Ad Dhale'e (35 HH), Qa'atabah (24 HH), Damt (20 HH) districts. Most displacements in the governorate were internal.  Most displacement resulted from increased conflict in the following Governorates and districts.  ·       Al Bayda (282 HH) – Mukayras (272 HH), As Sawma'ah (5 HH), Rada' (3 HH) districts. ·       Al Jawf (143 HH) – Khabb wa ash Sha'af (82 HH), Al Hazm (42 HH), Al Maton (10 HH) districts. ·       Al Dhale'e (95 HH) – Qa'atabah (51 HH), Al Husha (26 HH), Ad Dhale'e (18 HH) districts. Methods used: ·       DTM’s Rapid Displacement Tracking (RDT) tool collects and reports on numbers of households forced to flee on a daily basis, allowing for regular reporting of new displacements in terms of numbers, geography and needs. Limitations: ·       DTM Yemen is unable to report on figures in some governorates due to access limitations.

L’évaluation rapide de l’OIM (Event tracking tool, ETT) est un outil mis en place dans le but de collecter des informations sur les mouvements importants et soudains de populations. Ces informations sont collectées dans les sites de déplacement ou les communauté hôtes, par le biais de visites sur le terrain et d’entretiens avec des informateurs clés. Ce rapport synthétique présente les résultats des évaluations réalisées le22 Janvier2020à travers des entretiens téléphonique avec les informateursclés. En date du 17 Janvier 2020, des tensions ont été rapportées dans le territoire de NYUNZU, province du TANGANYIKA, suite à la mort du chef de groupement de MUKIMBO qui aurait été assassiné le groupe Mai-Mai TWA, dans la localité de MUKIMBO. Cet assassinat a provoqué des tensions dans la zone et des déplacements préventifs de populations de quatre groupements voisins. Ainsi des ménages originaires des groupements de BAYORO, BALUMBU, BABINGA, KAMANIA se sont ainsi déplacés de l’intérieur du territoire de NYUNZU vers NYUNZU CENTRE (quartiers de KAPULOKAMPE, NYAMBOet KAMITUGA)dans le même territoire.

Over the reporting period of February 2020, a total of 38,457 movements were observed at sixFlow Monitoring Points (FMPs) at Points of Entry (PoE): Lengabo, Pasisi, Pont Loya, Mubambiro, OPRP, and the Port of Goma (Fig. 8). These locations were chosen strategically for the protection of major population centres, the monitoring of cross-border movements, and the monitoring movements between affected and non-affected zones. Data from WHO and the Ministry of Health shows that two health zones were affected during the period, Mabalako and Beni. An affected health zone is defined as any health zone that reported a confirmed case of Ebola Virus Disease (EVD) from 21 days prior to the start of the reporting period (i.e. from 11 January to 28 February 2020). From 11 January to 28 February, two-thirds (68%) of new confirmed cases were reported in Beni health zone, with the rest in Mabalako. Of the 7,043 movements observed to, from, through, or within affected zones, roughly half (53%) of movements identified were internal, within affected zones. DTM identified 1281 outgoing movements from affected health zones (18%) and 1946 incoming movements to affected areas (28%), while 74 movements (1%) were transits through affected zones, and the remainder (53%) internal (Fig. 1-B). Most of the outgoing travelers from affected zones departed from Beni (76%), while a minority departed from Mabalako health zone (24%). Major reported destinations for outgoing travelers from Beni included Mandima (37%), Bunia (22%), Komanda (11%), and Rwampara (9%) heath zones. Those departing Mabalako health zone primarily reported Katwa (20%), Butembo (18%), Oicha (23%), and Komanda (10%) as their intended destination. Only one traveler observed coming from or transiting through an affected zone reported their final destination as outside of DRC . Travelers from affected zones reported 58 individual transits (a 5% rate) in non-affected zones. Motivations for traveling varied greatly by the movement type, with forced displacement due to conflict appearing to have played a disproportionate role in motivating movements into affected zones, while seasonal migration disproportionally motivated outgoing movements (Tab. 1-B).