Reports
DTM در افغانستان از ابـزار ارزیـابی بنیـادی تحـرکات اسـتفاده میکنـد تا تحـرکات ردیابی گردیده معلومات در مورد تخمین مـیزان نفوس، موقعیـت و تقسیمات جغرافیایی جمعیت های بیجا شده اجباری، بازگشت کننده و مهاجر آماده گردد. علاوه بر این DTM دلایـل و زمان بیجاشدگی و محل اصـلی بیجاشدگان را بشمول آمار گیری اسـاسی در مـورد جمعیـت، سـطح آسـیب پذیـری و نیازمندی های اولیه آنان را ردیابی مینماید. اطلاعات از طریـق بحـث هـای گروهی اجتماعی بـا معلومـات دهنـدگان کلیـدی، و مشـاهدات مسـتقیم به سطح قریجات جمع آوری میشـود. طبق ۳۱ دسمبر سال ۲۰۱۹، ۳۴ ولایت، ۳۹۲ ولسوالی و ۱۱٬۶۷۱ قریه از طریق مصاحبه با ۶۲٬۲۱۴ معلومات دهندگان کلیدی ارزیابی گردیده اند. از سال ۲۰۱۲ الی دسمبر ۲۰۱۹ به تعداد ۳٬۴۵۱٬۵۱۰ بازگشت کننده خارج از کشور و ۴٬۳۵۰٬۹۰۰ بیجاشده داخلی که در حال حاضر در جوامع میزبان زندگی میکنند شناسایی گردیده اند.
د بېځایه کېدونکوو د تعقیب سیسټم په افغانستان کې د تحرک د ارزونې بنسټیزې وسیلې کاروي ترڅو له تحرکاتو څخه څارنه وشي او د نفوس په هکله اټکلونه، د جبري بېځایه کېدنو موقعیتونه او جغرافیه وي وېش څرګند شي. سربېره پر دې DTM د بېځایه کېدو مهال، علت، اصلی سیمې، لومړني جمعیتی معلومات، زیانمنتیاوې او د اړتیاوو د لومړیتوبونو څخه څارنه کوي. معلومات د کلیو په کچه کلیدي معلوماتو ورکوونکو سره د ډله ایز بحثونو او مخامخ کتنو له لارې راټولېږي. د ۲۰۱۹ کال ډسمبر۳۱ پر بنسټ په ۳۴ ولایاتو کې ۳۹۲ ولسوالی او ۱۱٬۶۷۱ کلي د ۶۲٬۲۱۴ کلیدي معلومات ورکوونکو سره د مرکې له لارې ارزول شوي دي. له ۲۰۱۲ کال څخه د ۲۰۱۹ کال ډسمبر میاشتې پورې ۳٬۴۵۱٬۵۱۰ راستنېدونکي و ۴٬۳۵۰٬۹۰۰ کورني بېځایه شوي چې اوسمهال په کوربه ټولنو کې اوسېږي پېژندل شوي دي.
The crisis in Nigeria’s North Central and North West zones, which involves long-standing tensions between ethnic and linguistic groups; attacks by criminal groups; and banditry/hirabah (such as kidnapping and grand larceny along major highways) led to fresh wave of population displacement. Latest attacks affected 278 individuals, including 4 injuries and 1 fatality, in Batsari LGA (Katsina) and Maru LGA (Zamfara) between 19 - 21 June 2020. The attacks caused people to flee to neighboring localities. A rapid assessment was conducted by field staff to assess the impact on people and immediate needs.
With the onset of the rainy season in Nigeria’s conflict-affected northeastern State of Borno, varying degrees of damages are expected to infrastructures (self-made and constructed) in camps and camp-like settings. This is so because the rains are more often than not accompanied by very high winds and have been known to cause serious damage to properties. On 22 June 2020, IOM’s DTM program carried out an assessment to ascertain the level of damage sustained in the camp due to heavy windstorm and rainfall on the 21st of June 2020. The rainfall in Teacher’s village of Maiduguri Metropolitan Council, left 198 emergency shelters damaged, 2 damaged toilets and an estimated 1,084 individuals without shelter. The affected population without shelter include 474 men, 610 women and 638 children.
IOM DTM in collaboration with the World Health Organization (WHO) and the state Ministry of Health have been conducting monitoring of individuals moving into Nigeria's conflict-affected northeastern states of Adamawa and Borno under pillar four (Points of entry) of COVID 19 preparedness and response planning guidelines. During the period 13 - 19 June 2020, 136 movements were observed at fifteen Points of Entries in Adamawa and Borno states. Of the total movements recorded, 20 were incoming from Extreme-Nord in Cameroon and 1 incoming from N’djamena in Chad Republic. A range of data was collected during the assessment to better inform on migrants’ nationalities, gender, reasons for moving, mode of transportation and timeline of movement as shown in Figures 1 to 4 below.
The DTM Emergency Event Tracking (EET) is deployed to track sudden displacement and population movements, and provide more frequent updates on the scale of displacement and quantify the affected population when needed. As a subcomponent of the new Mobility Tracking methodology in Sudan (Round Zero), and activated on a needs basis, EET utilises a broad network of key informants to capture best estimates of the affected population presence per location – a useful tool for humanitarian response planning and design.
The DTM Emergency Event Tracking (EET) is deployed to track sudden displacement and population movements, and provide more frequent updates on the scale of displacement and quantify the affected population when needed. As a subcomponent of the new Mobility Tracking methodology in Sudan (Round Zero), and activated on a needs basis, EET utilises a broad network of key informants to capture best estimates of the affected population presence per location – a useful tool for humanitarian response planning and design.
As of 31 December 2019, 292,892 (7%) of the total 4,350,900 IDPs, displaced between January 2012 and December 2019, are living in informal settlements, according to results from round 9 of DTM’s Baseline Mobility Assessments conducted in December 2019. IDPS in informal settlements not only lack access to basic services, such as drinking water, food, WASH and health services, but are also exposed to higher levels of insecurity and often depend on unskilled labor, loans and humanitarian assistance to survive. Lack of adequate WASH facilities and poor hygiene in these communities are linked with transmission of diseases and pose public health challenges and risks of sexual exploitation.
On 30 May 2020, IOM’s Displacement Tracking Matrix (DTM) conducted Emergency Event Tracking to capture information about flood related displacement in Bor South County. According to available data, 12,320 individuals, (2,442 households) were displaced between 22 and 30 May 2020 to nearby areas in higher altitudes after the River Nile broke a locally constructed barrier guarding Bor Town from excessive water outflow affecting villages across the Bor Town Payam.IDPs found shelter in host communities not affected by the floods. Urgent needs identified include food, sanitation, water, health, and shelter.
طبق نتایج بدست آمده از دوره ۹ ارزیابی بنیادی تحرکات سیستم ردیابی بیجاشدگان (DTM) در ۳۱ دسمبر ۲۰۱۹ که در دسمبر ۲۰۱۹ انجام گرفت ۲۹۲٬۸۹۲ نفر یا ٪۷ تمام بیجاشدگان داخلی (۴٬۳۵۰٬۹۰۰) که در بین سالهای ۲۰۱۲ الی دسمبر ۲۰۱۹ بیجا شده اند در ساحات غیر سمی زندگی میکنند. بیجاشدگان داخلی که در ساحات غیر رسمی هستند نه تنها به خدمات اساسی همچون آب آشامیدنی، غذا، آب، حفظ الصحه، بهداشت و خدمات صحی دسترسی ندارند بلکه در معرض خطر بالا نا امنی قرار دارند و اکثر اوقات بالای درآمد بدست آمده از کار های شاقه غیر مسلکی و قروض برای زنده ماندن تکیه میکنند. کمبود تسهیلات بهداشتی کافی و حالت وخیم حفظ الصحوی این جوامع ارتباط میگیرد به انتقال امراض و بروز چالشهای صحت عامه و خطرات سؤ استفاده جنسی در جامعه.
د بېځایه کېدوونکو د تعقیب سیسټم (DTM) د تحرکاتو بنسټیزې ارزونې نهمې دورې پایله چې د ۲۰۱۹ کال په ډسمبر میاشت کې ترسره شوه ښیي چې ۴٬۳۵۰٬۹۰۰ کورنیو بېځایه شویو کسانو څخه چې ۲۰۱۲ تر ۲۰۱۹ کلونو پورې بېځایه شوي ۲۹۲٬۸۹۲ (٪۷) وګړي په غیر رسمي سیمو یا مېشت ځایونو کې اوسېږي. هغوۍ نه یوازې دا چې اساسي خدماتو ته لکه د څښاک اوبه، خواړه، اوبه، حفظ الصحه او روغتیایی خدمتونه ته لاسرسی نلري بلکه له نا امنۍ سره نغښتو ګواښونو سره مخ دي او ډېرې وخت د ژوندي پاتې کېدو لپاره د ستونزمنو کارونو ترسره کولو او پور اخیستلو څخه خپل د کورنۍ لپاره عاید ترلاسه کوي. د خوندیو تشنابونو نشتون او د حفظ الصحې وخیم وضعیت په دې ټولنو کې د ناروغیو د لېږد، د عامې روغتیا ګواښونو او جنسي ناوړه ګټه اخیستنې لامل ګرځي.
Between 24 and 28 May 2020, IOM’s Displacement Tracking Matrix (DTM) recorded the arrival of 630 South Sudan nationals (90 households) from Soba Arada (Khartoum, Sudan). The majority of arrivals, 406 individuals (58 households) managed to reach their home areas in Ngop Town (Mayom County) while 224 individuals (32 households) remained in a situation of displacement in a Ngop primary school due to a lack of shelter materials, NFIs and land access. DTM had established a headcount exercise at Kuerbone Bus Station in February 2020 in order to monitor the prevalence of returning populations following the formation of the Transitional Government of National Unity (TGoNU) in South Sudan. Headcounts show a significant reduction in arrivals from Sudan since the closure of the borders initiated as part of the COVID-19 preparedness activities in late March 2020.
